Advances of phononics in 2012—2022

Due to its great potential applications in thermal management, heat control, and quantum information, phononics has gained increasing attentions since the first publication in Rev. Mod. Phys. 84 1045 (2012). Many theoretical and experimental progresses have been achieved in the past decade. In this paper, we first give a critical review of the progress in thermal diodes and transistors, especially in classical regime. Then, we give a brief introduction to the new developing research directions such as topological phononics and quantum phononics. In the third part, we discuss the potential applications. Last but not least, we point out the outlook and challenges ahead.     

Rational design of methacrylate monomers containing oxadiazole moieties for single‐layer organic light emitting devices

Methacrylate derived monomers functionalized with pendant oxadiazole moieties were synthesized and copolymerized with carbazole containing monomers to form polymers with electron and hole transporting fragments in the same molecule. Substituents on the oxidazole moiety were varied with the purpose of bandgap tuning and performance optimization when employed in single‐layer organic light emitting devices (OLED). Quantum mechanical calculations of the HOMO‐LUMO levels of the oxidazole derivatives were used to down‐select promising candidates for chemical synthesis and testing in single‐layer OLEDs. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015 , 53, 1663–1673     

Effect of multiple H‐bonding on the properties of polyimides containing the rigid rod groups

To investigate the influence of hydrogen bonding on the properties of polyimides (PIs) containing rigid rod‐like groups, five symmetrical diamines containing benzimidazole, benzoxazole, and hydroxy group were synthesized, and then a series of PIs were prepared. Results showed that hydroxyl‐containing poly(benzoxazole imide)s possess higher glass transition temperature (T_g) and dimensional stabilities than their corresponding poly(benzoxazole imide)s. Moreover, the corresponding poly(benzimidazole imide)s presented the best performances, such as the highest T_g, the highest char yield and the highest dimensional stabilities. The influence of hydrogen bonding of benzimidazole on the properties of PIs was stronger than that of hydroxyl groups. Hydroxyl‐containing poly(benzoxazole imide)s were formed in crosslinking structures after heat treatment at 400 °C. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 570–581     

Fabrication and luminous properties of phosphor ceramic for application in automotive laser headlight

We report on the optimization of fabrication of a ceramic phosphor plate (CPP) using α-Al₂O₃ as functional materials for an automotive laser headlamp. The prepared CPP shows the high luminous characteristics with increasing α-Al₂O₃ contents because of the light scattering of the hexagonal structure of α-Al₂O₃ materials. We investigated the correlation between α-Al₂O₃ and thickness of CPP. The luminous properties of the CPP are improved and optimized according to the variables of one. We found that the prepared sample is a potential material for future solid-state laser lighting in application as an automotive headlamp.     

Rational Design of a Near-infrared Fluorescent Material with High Solid-state Efficiency,Aggregation-induced Emission and Live Cell Imaging Property

Near-infrared(NIR) fluorescent materials with high photoluminescent quantum yields(PLQYs) have wide application prospects. Therefore, we design and synthesize a D-A type NIR organic molecule, TPATHCNE, in which triphenylamine and thiophene are utilized as the donors and fumaronitrile is applied as the acceptor. We systematically investigate its molecular structure and photophysical property. TPATHCNE shows high T_gof 110℃ and T_d of 385℃ and displays an aggregation-induced emission(AIE) property. A narrow optical bandgap of 1.65 eV is obtained. The non-doped film of TPATHCNE exhibits a high PLQY of 40.3% with an emission peak at 732 nm, which is among the best values of NIR emitters. When TPATHCNE is applied in organic light-emitting diode(OLED), the electroluminescent peak is located at 716 nm with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 0.83%. With the potential in cell imaging, the polystyrene maleic anhydride(PMSA) modified TPATHCNE nanoparticles(NPs) emit strong fluorescence when labeling HeLa cancer cells, suggesting that TPATHCNE can be used as a fluorescent carrier for specific staining or drug delivery for cellular imaging. TPATHCNE NPs fabricated by bovine serum protein(BSA) are cultivated with mononuclear yeast cells, and the intense intracellular red fluorescence indicates that it can be adopted as a specific stain for imaging.     

高效、稳定Ⅱ-Ⅵ族量子点发光二极管(LED)的研究进展

量子点通常具有核-壳型的基本结构,它的发光效率及色纯度高。因具有优异的性能和可控合成的优点,Ⅱ-Ⅵ族量子点在发光二极管(light-emitting diode, LED)中的应用研究最为丰富。为了制备高效、稳定的量子点LED,量子点的结构、器件结构和载流子传输层都需要进行设计和优化。如今,量子点LED的效率已接近Organic LED(OLED),但它的发展仍存在挑战。     

Analytical devices based on light-emitting diodes – a review of the state-of-the-art

A general overview of the development of the uses of light-emitting diodes in analytical instrumentation is given. Fundamental aspects of light-emitting diodes, as far as relevant for this usage, are covered in the first part. The measurement of light intensity is also discussed, as this is an essential part of any device based on light-emitting diodes as well. In the second part, applications are discussed, which cover liquid and gas-phase absorbance measurements, flow-through detectors for chromatography and capillary electrophoresis, sensors, as well as some less often reported methods such as photoacoustic spectroscopy.     

二苯胺取代吖啶衍生物发光材料的合成、表征及电致发光性能

设计合成了2个苯胺取代吖啶衍生物N3,N3,N6,N6-四苯基吖啶基-3,6-二胺(1)和N3,N3,N6,N6-四对甲苯基吖啶基-3,6-二胺(2),通过化学修饰在吖啶核的两端引入二苯胺取代基可以调节化合物的能级和堆积结构等性质,从而使这些吖啶衍生物具有良好的发光性能,可用于制备电致发光器件.基于吖啶衍生物为掺杂发光材料制备的电致发光器件均呈现绿光发射,器件开启电压较低(2.4 V),以化合物1和2制备的器件最高功率效率分别为4.9和8.2 lm/W.考察了其光物理、电化学、热学和荧光量子效率等性能.结果表明,化合物1和2具有较高的量子效率及匹配的能级结构,这是获得较高电致发光效率的基础.     

基于铜金属有机配合物的热活化延迟荧光材料

具有热活化延迟荧光(thermally activated delayed fluorescence, TADF)特性的配合物可以同时利用单重态和三重态激子,因此发光量子效率较高,近年来受到广大科研工作者的关注。特别是铜金属有机配合物,最低单重态和最低三重态的能量差较小,又可以通过不同配体或取代基进行调节,所以具有较好TADF性能。本文根据配位原子的类型,汇总和分析了近5年具有TADF性质的铜配合物的结构特点和发光性能,并简要讨论了其在有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diodes,OLEDs)中的潜在应用。     

Temperature and Composition Dependent Optical Properties of CdSe/CdS Dot/Rod-Based Aerogel Networks

Employing nanocrystals (NCs) as building blocks of porous aerogel network structures allows the conversion of NC materials into macroscopic solid structures while conserving their unique nanoscopic properties. Understanding the interplay of the network formation and its influence on these properties like size-dependent emission is a key to apply techniques for the fabrication of novel nanocrystal aerogels. In this work, CdSe/CdS dot/rod NCs possessing two different CdSe core sizes were synthesized and converted into porous aerogel network structures. Temperature-dependent steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements were performed to expand the understanding of the optical and electronic properties of these network structures generated from these two different building blocks and correlate their optical with the structural properties. These investigations reveal the influence of network formation and aerogel production on the network-forming nanocrystals. Based on the two investigated NC building blocks and their aerogel networks, mixed network structures with various ratios of the two building blocks were produced and likewise optically characterized. Since the different building blocks show diverse optical response, this technique presents a straightforward way to color-tune the resulting networks simply by choosing the building block ratio in connection with their quantum yield.